Mount Raung
Overview
Bondowoso, East Java
8.119°S
114.056°E
3260 m
10696 ft
Stratovolcano
2022 CE
Literature and Analysis
Eruptive History
Geomorphology
Geological Settings
Structure
Reference
Eruptive History
2022 May 14 – 2022 Sep 27
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
2022 May – Sep | Ash plume | – | ~2 | [1] |
2021 Jan 21 – 2021 Apr 24
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
2021 Jan – Apr | Explosion, Ash, Ash plume | – | ~2 | [1] |
2020 Jul 16 – 2020 Oct 3
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
2020 Jul – Oct | Ash plume | – | ~2 | Ash plume rose to 3,5 km altitude | [1] |
2014 Nov 23 – 2015 Aug 30
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
2014 Nov 17 | Degassing | – | ~1 | [1] | |
2015 Jan 6 | Incandescent Ejecta, Explosion, Lava flow | – | ~2 | Lavaa flow from the inner crater onto the larger crater floor | [1] |
2015 Feb 14 | Ash plume, Incandescence | – | ~2 | Gray and brown plumes rising 300 m multiple time | [1] |
2015 Feb 15 | Lava fountains, Incandescence | – | ~2 | Stromboloan activity with lava foutains from the inner crater | [1] |
2015 Feb 25 | Lava flow | – | ~2 | Lava flow across the crater floor, the fresh lava covered larger area | [1] |
2015 Mar 1 | Ash plume Incandescence | – | ~2 | Plumes rose to maximum height of 200 m | [1] |
2015 Mar 15 | Ash Plume | – | ~2 | Emission reached high of 200 m | [1] |
2015 Apr 8 | Ash Plume | – | ~2 | Ash plume rose as high as 300 m | [1] |
2015 Apr 12 | Incandescnece | – | ~2 | Crater Incandscence | [1] |
2015 Apr 22 | Degassing | – | ~2 | Small emission was visible inside the pyroclastic cone at the summit | [1] |
2015 Jun 24 | Ash plume | – | ~2 | [1] | |
2015 Jun 25 | Ash Plume, Incanscence, Lava flow | – | ~2 | Ash Plume reached 3,7 km altitude and drift to W. Lava flow on W side of te crator | [1] |
2015 Jun 26 | Incandescence Ejecta | – | ~2 | Strombolian activity abd asg okyne were reported | [1] |
2015 Jun 28 | Ash Plume, Incanscence Ejecta | – | ~2 | Ash plume rose to 300 m | [1] |
2015 Jul 1 – Jul 7 | Ash plume | – | ~2 | Ash plume rose as high as 3,7-6,1 km altitude. Drifted to SE, E, and ESE as far as 110 km | [1] |
2015 Jul 1 – Jul 11 | Ash plume | – | ~2 | Ash plume rose as high as 500 m above the crater. Drifted to SE and S at lower altitude and SE, S, W, and N at higher altitude | [1] |
2015 Jul 5 | Incandescence Ejecta | – | ~2 | Strombolian activity | [1] |
2015 Jul 11 | Ash plume, Lava flow | – | ~2 | Lava covering 2 km wide summit caldera floor. Ash plume drift to SE | [1] |
2015 Jul 12 | Ash plume | – | ~2 | Drifting hundreds of kilometers to SE | [1] |
2015 Jul 15 – Jul 21 | Ash Plume | – | ~2 | Ash plume rose as high as 3,7-6,1 km altitude. Drifted to multiple direction as far as 340 km | [1] |
2015 Jul 16 | Ash plume, Lava flow, Ashfall | – | ~2 | Ash plume rose as high as 2 km above. ashfall reported in areas downwind, icluded Cumedak and Sumberjambe. Incandescence lava at the summit | [1] |
2015 Jul 17 | Degassing | – | ~2 | [1] | |
2015 Jul 18 | Ash plume | – | ~2 | Ash plume rose as high as 1,5 km and drift to N | [1] |
2015 Jul 20 | – | ~2 | [1] | ||
2015 Jul 20 | Ash plume, Lava flow | – | ~2 | Ash plume drift to N from the summit, and Incandescent Lava covering the floor of the summit | [1] |
2015 Jul 22 | Ash plume | – | ~2 | Ash plume rose as high as 4,3-5,2 km altitude. Drifted to NW, W, SSW, S, SSE as far as 400 km | [1] |
2015 Jul 26 | Incandescent Ejecta | – | ~2 | [1] | |
2015 Jul 27 | – | ~2 | [1] | ||
2015 Jul 27 | Ash plume | – | ~2 | A dense ash plume drift to NW | [1] |
2015 Jul 29 | Ash plume | – | ~2 | Ash plume rose as high as 4,3-4,9 km altitude. Drifted to multiple direction as far as 240 km | [1] |
2015 Aug 1 | Ashfall, Incandescent Ejecta | – | ~2 | Ash fell in Sempu, Songgon, Glenmore, Gambiran, and Banyuwangi. | [1] |
2015 Aug 4 | Ash plume | – | ~2 | Dense blackish gray ash plumes rose 800 m and drifted SE. | [1] |
2015 Aug 5 – Aug 11 | Ash plume | – | ~2 | Ash plume rose as high as 4,3-5,2 km altitude. Drifted to ESE, SE, SSE, SW as far as 720 km | [1] |
2015 Aug 12 – Aug 18 | Ash plume | – | ~2 | Ash plume rose as high as 3,7-4 km altitude. Drifted to W and WSW as far as 20-110 km | [1] |
2015 Aug 14 | – | ~2 | [1] | ||
2015 Aug 14 | Ash plume lava flow | – | ~2 | Ash pllume above the crater rim, and lava covered summit crater | [1] |
2015 Aug 16 | Ash plume | – | ~2 | Ash plume rose to 1 km above the crater and drift to NW | [1] |
2015 Aug 18 | Ash plume | – | ~2 | Ash lume reached 3,9 km altitude. Plume extended about 100 km NW | [1] |
2015 Aug 22 | Ash plume | – | ~2 | low-level plume and drift to 50 km NW | [1] |
2013 Jun 29 – 2013 Jul 31
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
2013 Jul 21 | Incandescent Ejecta | – | 1 | Minor strombolian Eruption occurred inside the crater | [1] |
2012 Oct 16 ± 2 days – 2013 Jan 6
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
2012 Oct 19 | Incandescent Ejecta | – | ~1 | Minor strombolian Eruption occurred inside the crater | [1] |
2012 Nov 5 | Incandescent Ejecta | – | ~1 | Strombolian activity inside the inner crater | [1] |
2012 Nov 8 | Eruption cloud | – | ~1 | Eruption plume 9,1 km altitude | [1] |
2013 Jan 6 | Incandscence, Ash plume | – | 1 | Incandescence observved around the crater. Plume rose to 300 m above the summit crater rim | [1] |
2008 Jun 12 – 2008 Jun 17
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
2008 Jun | Explosion, Ash | – | 2 | – | [1] |
2007 Jul 26 – 2007 Aug 26
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
2007 Jul – Aug | Explosion, Ash | – | 2 | – | [1] |
2002 Jun 16 – 2002 Aug 25
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
2002 Jun – Aug | Explosion, Ash | – | 2 | – | [1] |
2000 Jul 9 – 2000 Jul 9
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
2000 Jul 9 | Explosion, Ash | – | 2(?) | – | [1] |
1999 Jul 30
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1999 Jul 30 | Explosion, Ash | – | 2 | – | [1] |
1997 Apr 16
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1997 Apr | Explosion, Ash | – | 2 | Ash cloud at 5 km altitude and drift to E (10 Apr). Smoke at 6,1 km, drift to W (1, 18, 22 Jun) | [1] |
1995 Mar 16 – 1995 Mar 16
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1995 Mar | Explosion | – | 1 | [1] |
1994 Jul 14
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1994 Jul 14 | Explosion | – | 1 | [1] |
1993 Apr 1
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1993 Apr | Explosion, Ash | – | 1 | Ash column 600 m above the rim and ashfall occurred in surrounding area | [1] |
1991 Sep 10 – 1991 Nov 12
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1991 Sep – Nov | Explosion, Ash | – | 2 | Dense black plume from a vent, reached ~6km altitude and drift to N (10 Sep). Ash emission rising to 300-600 m (3 Oct) | [1] |
1990 Jan 16 – 1990 Dec 16
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1990 Jan – Dec | Explosion, Ash | – | 2 | Brownish-gray Ash clouds to 200-300 m above the crater. Ashfall NW of the volcano | [1] |
1987 May 16 – 1989 Jul 28
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1987 May – 1989 Jul | Explosion, Ash | – | 1 | Last week of July 1989 Plumes ejected to 75-150 m above the summit and dirft to S | [1] |
1985 Aug 23 – 1986 Feb 28
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1985 Aug – 1986 Feb | Explosion, Ash | – | 2 | Ash fell at Banyuwangi (Nov 1985) | [1][4] |
1982 Jul 18 – 1982 Jul 20
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1982 Jul | Explosion, Ash, Eruption Cloud | – | 3 | Dark clouds of Tephra to 6000m (18 Jul). Column of Smoke reached 0,6-0,9 km height according to report by Garuda Airlines (19 Jul) | [1] |
1978 Jan 16 – 1979 Dec 16
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1978 Jan – 1979 Dec | Explosion, Ash, Phreatic Activity | – | 1 | [1] |
1977 Jun 9 – 1977 Jun 30
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1977 Jun | Explosion, Ash, Pyrocrastic Flow | – | 2 | – | [1] |
1976 Jun 7 – 1976 Nov 21
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1976 Jun – Nov | Explosion, Ash | – | 2 | – | [1] |
1975 Mar 16 – 1975 May 16
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1975 Mar – May | Ash | – | 1 | – | [1] |
1974 Jun 15 – 1974 Jul 17
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1974 Jun – Jul | Explosion | – | 2 | – | [1] |
1973 May 16 – 1973 Oct 16
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1973 May – Oct | Explosion, Ash | – | 1 | – | [1] |
1971 Sep 14 – 1971 Sep 14
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1971 Sep | Volcanic Smoke | – | 1 | – | [1] |
1956 Feb 13 – 1956 Mar 25
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1956 Feb – Mar | Explosion, Ash, Lapili, Scoria | – | 3 | – | [1] |
1955 Jan 18 – 1955 Jan 18
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1955 Jan | Explosion | – | 2(?) | – | [1] |
1953 Jan 31 – 1953 Apr 15
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1953 Jan – 1953 Apr | Explosion, Ash, Lava flow, Lapili, Bombs, Scoria | – | 3 | – | [1] |
1944 Jun 30 – 1945 Apr 19
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1944 Jun – 1945 Apr | Explosion, Ash, Lava Flow | – | 2 | – | [1] |
1943 Mar 17 – 1943 Jun 18
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1943 Mar – Jun | Explosion, Ash | – | 2 | – | [1] |
1941 Dec 13
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1941 Dec 13 | Explosion, Ash | – | 2 | – | [1] |
1940
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1940 | Explosion | – | 2 | – | [1] |
1938 Aug 13 – 1939 Jan 10
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1938 Aug – 1939 Jan | Explosion, Ash | – | 2 | – | [1] |
1937 Oct 27 – 1937 Nov 27
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1937 Oct – Nov | Explosion | – | 2 | – | [1] |
1936 Aug 22 – 1936 Dec 11
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1936 Aug – Dec | Explosion | – | 2 | Dark Clouds rose to 500 m above the summit | [1][4] |
1933 Nov 21 – 1933 Dec 6
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1933 Nov – 1933 Dec | Explosion | – | 2 | – | [1] |
1929 Apr 27
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1929 Apr 27 ± 60 days | Explosions | – | 2 | – | [1] |
1928 Nov
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1928 Nov | Explosion | – | 2 | – | [1] |
1927 Aug 2 – 1928 Mar
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1927 Aug – 1928 Mar | Explosion, Ash, Lapili, Bombs | – | 2 | – | [1] |
1924 Feb
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1924 Feb | Explosion, Lava flow | – | 2 | – | [1] |
1921 Feb 14 – 1921 Apr
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1921 Feb 14 ± 4 days | Explosion, Ash, Lava Flow | – | 2 | – | [1] |
1917 Feb 22
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1917 Feb | Explosion | – | 2 | – | [1] |
1916 Nov – 1916 Dec
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1916 Nov -Dec | Explosion | – | 2 | – | [1] |
1915 May
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1915 May | Explosion | – | 2 | – | [1] |
1913 May 10 – 1913 Dec
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1913 May – Dec | Explosion, Ash, Cinder Cone | – | 2 | – | [1] |
1903 Nov 28 – 1904 Jan
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1903 Nov – 1904 Jan | Explosion | – | 2 | – | [1] |
1902 Feb 16 – 1902 Feb 27
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1902 Feb | Explosion, Lava flow | – | 2 | – | [1] |
1897 Apr
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1897 | Explosion | – | 2 | – | [1] |
1896 Aug
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1896 | Explosion | – | 2 | – | [1] |
1890 Jul – 1890 Sep 15
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1890 Jul – Sep | Explosion, Ash | – | 2 | – | [1] |
1885 Jun 21 – 1885 Jun 22
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1885 Jun | Explosion, Ash | – | 2 | – | [1] |
1881
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1881 | Ash, Volcanic Smoke | – | – | [1] |
1864 Jul 2 – 1864 Dec
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1864 Jul – Dec | Explosion, Ash | – | 2 | – | [1] |
1860 Sep
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1860 Sep | Explosion, Ash | – | 2 | – | [1] |
1859 Dec 14
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1859 Dec 14 | Explosion | – | 2 | – | [1] |
1849 Dec 1
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1849 Dec 1 ± 30 Days | Volcanic Smoke | – | – | [1] |
1838
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1838 | Explosion, Lahar or Mudflow | – | 2 | – | [1] |
1817 Jan 16 – 1817 Feb 10
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1817 Jan – Feb | Explosion, Ash, Lahar or Mudflow | Exact number of victim not known | 4(?) | – | [1] |
1815 Dec 31
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1815 ± 365 Days | Explpsion, Ash | 2 | – | [1] |
1812 – 1814
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1812-1814 | Explosion | 2 | Ashfall occurred | [1][2] |
1804
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1804 ± 4 years | Explosion | 2 | – |
1793
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1793 ± 6 years | Explosion | 2 | – | [1] |
1730
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1730 | Explosion, Ash, Lahar or Mudflow | Exact number of victim not known | 3(?) | – | [1] |
1638
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1638 | Explosion, Ash, Lahar or Mudflow | >1000 | 4(?) | Lahar Surrounding Stail and Klatak Rivers | [1][2][5][6] |
1597 Jan 17 – 1597 Feb 2
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1597 Jan – Feb | Explosion | Exact number of victim not known | 3 | According to Lodewijckz Raung volacano throw large of column smoke | [1][4] |
1593
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks | Reference |
1593 | Ash, Explosion | >10000 (According to Lodewijckz) | 5(?) | Pumice fall and Scoria fall surrounding Raung volcano | [1][2][3][4] |
Geomorphology
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Geological Settings
Tab Content
Structure
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Reference
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