Mount Merapi
Overview
Middle Java (Magelang, Boyolali, Klaten), Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (Sleman)
7.54°S
110.446°E
2910 m
9547 ft
Stratovolcano
2024 CE
Literature and Analysis
Eruptive History
Geomorphology
Geological Settings
Structure
Reference
Eruptive History
2020 Dec 31 – 2021 Mar 27
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
2021 Mar 27 | Ash plume and pyrocrastic flow | 1 | Ash plume 3,5 km altitude. | [1] |
2018 May 11 – 2020 Jun 21
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
2018 May 11 | 3 | [1] |
2014 Mar 9 – 2014 Apr 22
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
2014 Mar 9 | Ashfall and Ash plume | ~3 | ash plume rose to 1,5 km above the crater. Ash fall observed on Umbulharjo, Kepuharjo, Sidorejo, and Balerante | [1] | |
2014 Mar 27 | Ashfall and Ash plume | 3 | ash plume rose to 9,8 km above the crater. Ash plume drifted to SE and Ashfall on S and SE flanks | [1] | |
2014 Apr 15 | Plume | ~3 | Plume rising to 300 m. | [1] | |
2014 Apr 20 | Ashfall and Ash plume | 3 | ash plume rose to 10,7 km altitude. Ash plume drifted to 260 km WNW. Ash fall reported on 15 km S, SW, and W area | [1] | |
2014 Apr 21 | ~3 | [1] | |||
2014 Apr 22 | Lava dome | ~3 | . Lava dome widened 70 m to W | [1] |
2013 Nov 18 – 2013 Nov 18
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
2013 Nov 18 – Nov 19 | Ash plume, Ashfall | 3 | Ash plume rose to 2 km above the crater (0453). 12,2 km (0930), and 4,6 km (2104) on (18 Nov). On (19 Nov) Ash plume rose to 4,6 km. Ash plume drifted to E on (18 Nov) and 45 km to E on (19 Nov). Ashfall found up to 60 km E | [1] |
2013 Jul 22 – 2013 Jul 22
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
2013 Jul 22 | Ash plume, Ash fall | 1 | ash plume rose to 1 km. Ashfall observed on Deles, Tlogowatu, Kemalang, Balerante, Klaten, and Jawa tengah | [1] |
2011 Mar 20 – 2011 Sep 8
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
2011 Mar 20 | Ash plume | ~4 | Ash plume reached 500 m. | [1] | |
2011 Mar 25 | Incandescene | ~4 | . Incandescene was observed on crater’s E side | [1] | |
2011 Apr 13 | Incandescene | ~4 | . Incandescene was observed on crater’s E side | [1] | |
2011 Apr 20 | Ash plume | 1 | Ash plume of 900 m high. | [1] | |
2011 Apr 24 | Ash plume | 1 | Ash plume of 800 m high. | [1] | |
2011 Apr 29 – May 1 | Ashfall | 1 | [1] | ||
2011 Jul 2 – Jul 25 | Avalanche | 1 | [1] | ||
2011 Aug 2 – Aug 15 | Avalanche | 1 | [1] | ||
2011 Sep 4 – Sep 8 | Avalanche | 1 | [1] | ||
2011 Sep 8 | Ash plume | 1 | Ash plume 3,7 km altitude based on Pilot observation. Ash plume drifted to N as far as 30 km | [1] |
2010 Oct 23 – 2011 Apr 14
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
2010 Oct 23 | Plume | ~4 | [1] | ||
2010 Oct 26 | Plume, Pyrocrastic flow | 35 | 4 | 18,3 km altitude Based on Darwin VAAC. Pyroclastic flow to S about 8 km, and ash plume drifted 50 km to W | [1] |
2010 Oct 27 | Lava dome | ~4 | [1] | ||
2010 Oct 28 | Plume | 3 | 9,1 km altitude based on Darwin VAAC. ash plume drifted to SW | [1] | |
2010 Oct 30 | Pyrocrastic Flow and Ashfall | ~4 | . Ash fell in yogyakarta 30 km SSW | [1] | |
2010 Oct 31 | Pyrocrastic flow and Lava dome | ~4 | [1] | ||
2010 Nov 1 | Pyrocrastic flow and Ash Plume | ~4 | Ash plume 6,1 km altitude based on darwin VAAC. Ash plume drifted to NE and pyrocrastic flow travel to SSE with distance 4-9 km | [1] | |
2010 Nov 2 | pyrocrastic flow and Ash Plume | ~4 | Ash plume 6,1 km altitude based on darwin VAAC. ash plume drifted to 75 km to N | [1] | |
2010 Nov 3 | Pyrocrastic flow, Ash plume | 4 | Ash plume rose 1,2 km, 6,1 km , 18, 3 km, and 10,7 km. Ash plume traveled to W for about 110 km. pyrocrastic flow 4 km to S and 9 km SE on later day | [1] | |
2010 Nov 4 | Pyrocrastic flow, Ash plume, and ashfall | 3 | Ash plume rose to 11,9 km altitude. Ash plume traveled 200 km to W. pyrocrastic flow descended to NW, NNW, and N flanks 3 km | [1] | |
2010 Nov 5 | Pyrocrastic flow, Ash Plume, Tephra | 4 | Assh plume rose to 16,8 km altitude. Ash plume drifted to 350 km W and SW | [1] | |
2010 Nov 6 | Pyrocrastic flow, Ashfall, Incandescene ejecta, lava dome, avalanche, and tephra | 4 | Ash plume rose to 6 km. Ash plume drifted to W,N and E. pyrocrastic flow trraveled 4-6 km to W, N, and E. Ashfall observed in Selo, Magelang, and Muntilan reported tephra. Incandescene avalanche traveled 2 km down to SSE, S, and SSW | [1] | |
2010 Nov 7 | Pyrocrastic flow, Ash plume, Ashfall | ~4 | Ash plume rose to 7,6 km altitude. Ash plume drifted to W 165-220 km. pyrocrastic flow traveled 5 km. Ash fell within 10 km. Avalanches descended 600 m to S and SW | [1] | |
2010 Nov 8 | Ash plume | ~4 | Ash plume rose to an altitude 4,5 km. Ash plume drifted to NE | [1] | |
2010 Nov 9 | Ash plume, pyrocrastic flow, and Ashfall | ~4 | Ash plume rose to an altitude 4,5 km. Ashfall was reported on Selo | [1] | |
2010 Nov 10 | Ash plume, Avalanche, pyrocrastic flow, Ashfall | ~4 | Ash plume rose to 1,5 km high. A 3.5-km-long pyroclastic flow and a 200-m-long avalanche both traveled S in the Gendol drainage. Ashfall reported on WSW and WNW | [1] | |
2010 Nov 11 | Pyrocrastic flow, ashfall, avalanche, and Ash plume | ~4 | Ash plume rose to 1,5 km and 800 m above the crater. Ash plume travel to W and NW. pyrocrastic flow traveled to 3 km S. ashfall observed on Ketep observation post | [1] | |
2010 Nov 12 | Ash plume | ~4 | Ash plume reached 7,6 km altitude. Ash plume drifted to S as fass as 185-280 km | [1] | |
2010 Nov 14 | Ashfall | over 250 | ~4 | Ash plume rose to 6,1-7,6 km altitude. Ash drifted to 110-130 km S | [1] |
2010 Nov 15 | Ash plume | ~4 | Ash plume rose to 6,1 km altitude. Ash plume drifted to W 130 kkm | [1] | |
2010 Nov 16 | Ash plume | ~4 | Ash plume rose to1,5 km altitude. Ash plume drifted to SW | [1] | |
2010 Nov 17 | Ash plume | ~4 | Ash plume rose to 4,6 km altitude. Ash plume drifted to W and NW as far as 175 km | [1] | |
2010 Nov 18 | Pyrocrastic flow | ~4 | [1] | ||
2010 Nov 21 | Pyrocrastic flow, Avalanche | ~4 | [1] | ||
2010 Nov 23 | Pyrocrastic flow, Avalanche | 322 | ~4 | [1] | |
2010 Nov 27 | Pyrocrastic flow, Avalanche | ~4 | White plume rising 100 m above the crater on 25 nov, and 300 m above the crater on 27 nov. on 25 Nov Plume drifted to SW | [1] | |
2010 Nov 29 | Lava flow | ~4 | . Lava flow 5 km from the summit | [1] | |
2010 Nov 10 | Mudflow | ~4 | . Mudflow 16,5 km from the summit | [1] | |
2010 Nov 18 | Mudflow | ~4 | . Mudflow deposits were seen in multiple drainages | [1] | |
2010 Nov 23 | Mudflow | ~4 | . Mudflow travel to S | [1] | |
2010 Nov 27 | Mudflow | ~4 | . Mudflow in the code river | [1] | |
2010 Dec 1 | Mudflow | ~4 | [1] | ||
2011 Jan 1 | ~4 | [1] | |||
2011 Jan 3 | Mudflow | ~4 | . Mudflow on magelang, 26 km WNW | [1] | |
2011 Jan 9 | Mudflow | 1 | ~4 | . Mudflow on magelang, 26 km WNW | [1] |
2011 Jan 12 | Avalanche | ~4 | . Avalanches traveled 1,5 km SW | [1] | |
2011 Jan 15 | Mudflow | ~4 | [1] | ||
2011 Jan 23 | Mudflow | 3 | ~4 | [1] | |
2011 Mar 21 | Mudflow | ~4 | . Mudflow travel 20 km to SW | [1] | |
2011 Apr 14 | Mudflow | ~4 | . Mudflow descended on merapi’s flank | [1] |
2006 Mar 16 ± 15 days – 2007 Aug 9
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
2006 | Pyrocrastic Flow, Lava flow, Lava dome | 1 | [1] |
1992 Jan 20 – 2002 Oct 19
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1992-1994 | Pyrocrastic Flow, Lava dome, Mudflow, and Avalanche | 66 (1994) | 2 | . Pyrocrastic flow travel to W 4 km (1992) and 6 km to S (1994). Lava on N | [1][2][3][4] |
1996-1997 | 2 | [1] | |||
1996-1997 | Pyrocrastic Flow, Lava dome, Mudflow, and Avalanche | 2 | . Pyrocrasttic Flow travel to 6,5 km (1996) to S (1996-1997) | [1][4] | |
2000 Nov | 2 | [1] | |||
2001 Aug 5 ± 4 days | 2 | [1] |
1986 Oct 10 – 1990 Aug 16
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1986 Oct 10 | 2 | [1] | |||
1986 | Pyrocrastic Flow, Lava flow, Lava dome, and Mudflow | 2 | . Pyrocrastic flow travel to SW | [1][4] |
1972 Oct 6 – 1985 Mar 16
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1972 – 1975 | Pyrocrastic Flow, Lava flow, Lava dome, Avalanche, Ash, and Mudflow | 9 | 2 | . Pyrocrastic flow to SW part 3 km further (1972) 4,5 km SW (1973 Feb and Apr) 6,5 km SW (1973 Sep) 7 km SW (1973 Dec) and 5,5 km SW (1975). Dome collapse to 6 km and fountain collapse to 7 km | [1][2][3][4] |
1976-1979 | Pyrocrastic Flow, Lava flow, Lava dome, Avalanche, Ash, and Mudflow | 29 | 2 | . Pyrocrastic Flow 3 km (1976 Mar), 3,5 km (1976 Nov) to SW (1976-1979). | [1][2][4] |
1984 Jun 15 | Pyrocrastic Flow, Lava flow, Lava dome, Avalanche, Ash, and Mudflow | 2 | . Pyrocrastic Flow 7 km to SW (1976-1979). | [1][4] |
1967 Jan 12 – 1970 Jul 2
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1967-1969 | Pyrocrastic flow, Lava flow, Lava dome, Ash, and Mudflow | 3 | 2 | . pyrocrastic flow travel to 7 km SW (1967/68) 13,3 km SW (1969) | [1][2][3][4] |
1961 Apr 11 – 1961 Nov 28
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1961 | Pyrocrastic Flow, Lava flow, Lava dome, Mudflow | 6 | 3 | . Dome collapse to 7 km. Pyrocrastic Flow traveled to 12 km SW area | [1][2][3][4] |
1953 Mar 2 – 1958 Dec 16
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1953 -1956 | Pyrocrastic Flow, Lava flow, Lava dome, Ash, Lapili, and Mudflow | 64 | ~2 | . Pyrocrastic flow traveled to NW and N 7 km (1954) and W 6 km (1956) | [1][2][3][4] |
1948 Sep 29 – 1948 Dec
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1948 Sep 29 | Pyrocrastic Flow, Lava flow, and Lava dome | ~2 | . Pyrocrastic travel to SW area | [1][4] |
1942 May 30 – 1945 May
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1942-1943 | Pyrocrastic Flow, Lava flow, Lava dome, Bombs, and Mudflow | ~2 | . Pyrocrastic flow traveled SE 2,5 km (1942) and to SW (1943) | [1][4] |
1939 Dec 13 – 1940 Sep
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1939 – 1941 | Eruption Cloud, Pyrocrastic Flow, Lava Flow, Lava Dome, Ash, and Mudflow | ~2 | Plume to 3 km. Pyrocrastic flow traveled to W and Sw 3 km further (1939) and 2 km to W (1940) | [1][3][4] |
1933 Oct 1 – 1935 Apr
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1933-1934 | Eruption Cloud, Pyrocrastic Flow, Lava Flow, Lava Dome, Ash, and Mudflow | ~2 | Plume ~1km (1933) and 7 km (1934). Pyrocrastic flow to W 7 km further | [1][3][4] |
1932 Nov
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1932 Nov | Lava flow, Lava dome, and Mudflow | ~2 | [1] |
1930 Nov 25 – 1931 Sep
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1930 Nov 25 | ~3 | [1] | |||
1930 Dec 18 | ~3 | [1] | |||
1930 Dec 19 | ~3 | [1] | |||
1930-1931 | Pyrocrastic Flow, Lava flow, Mudflow, Incandescene, and Lava Dome | 1369 | ~3 | . Pyrocrastic travel 12 km to S and SW. Lahar traveled further to Batang river | [1][2][3][4] |
1924 Sep 10 – 1924 Sep 12
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1924 Sep 10 | Pyrocrastic flow, Ash, and Rock Avalanches | 1 | [1][3] |
1922 Feb 18 – 1922 Aug 8
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1920 – 1922 | Pyrocrastic Flow, Lava dome, and Mudflow | 35 | 2 | . Pyrocrastic Flow go to W 5,5 km further (1920). Pyrocrastic travel S and SW (1922) | [1][2][3][4] |
1918 Jan
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1918 Jan | Explosion | 1 | [1] |
1915 Mar 28 – 1915 May 15
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1915 Mar 28 | Lava dome | 1 | [1] |
1909 Feb 1 – 1913 May
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1909 Feb 1 | Lava flow, Pyrocrastic Flow, Lava dome, and Ash | 1 | [1] | ||
1913 | Explosion | 1 | [1] |
1908
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1908 | Ash | 1 | [1][3] |
1905 Jan – 1907 Feb 17
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1905 – 1906 | Pyrocrastic flow, Lava flow, Lava dome, Blocks, and Ash | 2 | . Lava traveled to Woro | [1][3] |
1902 Feb 3 – 1904 Jun 20
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1902 – 1904 | Bombs, Blocks, Pyrocrastic Flow, Lava flow, Lava dome, and Ash | 16 | ~2 | . Affected East area | [1][2][3] |
1897
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1897 | Bombs | 2 | [1] |
1891 Aug 25 – 1894 Oct
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1891 -1894 | Lava dome and Tephra | ~2 | [1][3] |
1889 Jul
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1889 Jul | Gas | 1 | [1][3] |
1888 Aug 18 – 1888 Dec 20
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1888 Aug 18 | Pyrocrastic Flow, Lava dome, Mudflow | 2 | . Dome collapse go to W area. Pyrocrastic flow goes 7,5 km further. And Mudflow deposited on Sisir village | [1][3][4] |
1885 Feb 24 ± 4 days – 1887
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1885 -1887 | Lava dome and Avalanches | 1 | [1][3] |
1883 Jan – 1884 Nov
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1883 Jan | Lava dome | 1 | [1] |
1878 – 1879 Jun 20
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1878 | Lava flow and Ash | 2 | [1] |
1872 Apr 15 – 1873 Jan
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1872-1873 | Pyrocrastic Flow, Ash, Lapili, Bombs | 200 | ~4 | . Fountain break to W and S (Blongkeng, Woro, and Gendol) | [1][2][3] |
1865 Oct 24 – 1871 Aug
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1865 -1871 | Pyrocrastic Flow, Lava flow, Lava dome, Ash, Blocks | 2 | . Lava to Blongkeng | [1][3] |
1862 May 26 – 1864
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1862 – 1863 | Pyrocrastic Flow, Lava Flow, Lava Dome, Ash, and Blocks | 2 | . Dome break to W Area | [1][3] |
1861
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1861 | Explosion | 2 | [1] |
1849 Apr 26 – 1849 Sep 24
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1849 | Pyrocrastic Flow, Lapili, Gas | Hundreds | 2 | . Lapili to 18 km, dome break SW, S, E, and N | [1][2][3] |
1846 Apr 6 – 1847 Oct
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1846 | Ash | ~3 | . Dome collapse and Fountain collapse to Woro and Gendol (S) | [1][3] |
1840 Jan 4
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1840 Jan 4 | Explosion | 1 | [1] |
1837 Aug 10 – 1838 Jun
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1837 Aug 10 | Pyrocrastic Flow, Lava Flow, Lava dome, and Ash | 2 | [1] |
1832 Dec 25 – 1836
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1832 Dec 25 | Pyrocrastic Flow, Lava flow, Lava dome, Ash, Mudflow, and Blocks | 32 | 2 | [1][2] |
1828 Dec 18 – 1828 Dec 19
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1828 Dec 18 | Explosion | 2 | [1] |
1822 Dec 27 – 1823 Apr 6
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1822 Dec 27 | Pyrocrastic Flow, Lava flow, Lava dome, Ash, Mudflow, and Blocks | 100 | 3 | . 600 m crater was destroyed and Destroyed 8 Villages | [1][2][3] |
1812 – 1822
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1812 | Lava dome | 1 | [1] |
1810
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1810 | Lava dome | 1 | [1][3] |
1807
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1807 | Gas | 1 | [1][3] |
1797
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1797 | Lava Dome | 1 | [1] |
1791
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1791 | Lava Dome | 2 | [1] |
1786 Jul 17
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1786 Jul 17 | Lava dome | 2 | . Crater bigger than 100 m was formed | [1][3] |
1768 Aug 19
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1768 Aug 19 | Lava flow and Lava dome | 2 | [1][3] |
1755
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1755 | Explosion | 2 | [1] |
1752
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1752 | Explosion | 2 | – | [1] |
1745
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1745 | Explosion | 2 | – | [1] |
1678 Aug 19
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1678 Aug 19 | Explosion | 3 | – | [1] |
1677
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1677 | Explosion | 3 | – | [1] |
1672 Aug 4
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1672 | Pyrocrastic Flow and Mudflow | 3000 | 3 | – | [1][2] |
1663 Dec 31
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1663 Dec 31 | Explosion | 3 | – | [1] |
1658
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1658 | Explosion | 3 | – | [1] |
1587
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1587 | Pyrocrastic Flow and Mudflow | 3 | – | [1] |
1584
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1584 | Explosion | 3 | – | [1] |
1560
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1560 | Explosion | 3 | – | [1] |
1554
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1554 | Explosion | – | 3 | – | [1] |
1548
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1548 | Explosion | – | 3 | – | [1] |
1480 ± 300 years
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1480 ± 300 years | Pyrocrastic flow, Ash, and Mudflow | – | – | [1] |
1440 ± 100 years
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1440 ± 100 years | Pyrocrastic flow and Mudflow | – | – | [1] |
1380 ± 300 years
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1380 ± 300 years | Pyrocrastic flow and Ash | – | – | [1] |
1300 ± 75 years
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1300 ± 75 years | Pyrocrastic Flow, Ash, and Lapili | – | – | [1] |
1230 ± 200 years
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1230 ± 200 years | Pyrocrastic Flow, Ash, and Lapili | – | – | [1] |
1190 ± 30 years
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1190 ± 30 years | Pyrocrastic Flow | – | – | [1] |
1140 ± 150 years
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1140 ñ 150 years | Pyrocrastic Flow | – | – | [1] |
1010 ± 25 years
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1010 ± 25 years | Pyrocrastic Flow | – | – | [1] |
0940 ± 100 years
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
0940 ± 100 years | Pyrocrastic Flow, Lava dome, and Avalanche | – | 3 | – | [1] |
0870 ± 100 years
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
0870 ± 100 years | Pyrocrastic Flow | – | – | [1] |
0680 ± 200 years
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
0680 ± 200 years | Pyrocrastic Flow and Lapili | – | – | [1] |
0630 ± 30 years
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
0630 ± 30 years | Pyrocrastic flow | – | – | [1] |
0540 ± 50 years
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
0540 ± 50 years | Pyrocrastic flow | – | – | [1] |
0480 ± 75 years
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
0480 ± 75 years | Lava Dome | – | – | [1] |
0410 ± 150 years
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
0410 ± 150 years | Pyrocrastic Flow and Ash | – | 3 | – | [1] |
0280 ± 150 years
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
0280 ± 150 years | Pyrocrastic Flow | – | – | [1] |
0190 ± 300 years
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
0190 ± 300 years | Ash | – | – | [1] |
0120 ± 75 years
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
0120 ± 75 years – Unknown | Pyrocrastic Flow, Avanlache | – | – | [1] |
0020 ± 300 years
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
0020 ± 300 years | Pyrocrastic flow and Mudflow | – | 4 | – | [1] |
0340 BCE ± 500 years
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
0340 BCE ± 500 years | Pyrocrastic Flow and Lava dome | – | 3 | – | [1] |
0700 BCE ± 150 years
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
0700 BCE ± 150 years | Pyrocrastic Flow | – | – | [1] |
1010 BCE ± 200 years
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1010 BCE ± 200 years | Pyrocrastic Flow | – | – | [1] |
1180 BCE ± 75 years
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1180 BCE ± 75 years | Pyrocrastic Flow | – | 4 | – | [1] |
1410 BCE ± 50 years
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1410 BCE ± 50 years | Pyrocrastic Flow | – | – | [1] |
1770 BCE ± 75 years
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1770 BCE ± 75 years | Pyrocrastic Flow | – | – | [1] |
1890 BCE ± 55 years
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
1890 BCE ± 55 years | Pyrocrastic Flow | – | – | [1] |
2910 BCE ± 150 years
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
2910 BCE ± 150 years | Pyrocrastic Flow | – | – | [1] |
4690 BCE ± 75 years
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
4690 BCE ± 75 years | Pyrocrastic flow | – | – | [1] |
7310 BCE ± 300 years
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
7310 BCE ± 300 years | Pyrocrastic flow | – | – | [1] |
8780 BCE ± 150 years
Date | Event Type | Fatalities | VEI | Event Remarks |
Reference
|
8780 BCE ñ 150 years | Pyrcrastic flow and Bombs | – | – | [1] |
Geomorphology
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo.
Geological Settings
Tab Content
Structure
Tab Content
Reference
Tab Content